Planificación preparatoria digital en artroplastia total de cadera
Resumen
La planificación preoperatoria de la artroplastia total de cadera es una fase fundamental para disminuir la incidencia de complicaciones y conseguir resultados clínicos consistentes y reproducibles. Gracias a la planificación preoperatoria, el cirujano puede identificar las dificultades quirúrgicas del paciente sobre las cuales es necesario actuar, permite anticipar instrumental o implantes específicos, facilita la comunicación y docencia entre compañeros y proporciona cobertura legal. La introducción de la radiología digital ha supuesto un verdadero avance en la evaluación radiográfica de los pacientes. Encontramos numerosas ventajas asistenciales, docentes e investigadoras. Para realizar correctamente las técnicas de planificación preoperatoria en Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, así como para realizar diversas mediciones o colocar plantillas digitales, es necesario el uso de un software específico y conocer la magnificación de la radiografía. Para establecer la magnificación de la radiografía existen diversos sistemas de calibración como el uso de marcadores o la magnificación fija según la región anatómica a estudio. En este trabajo realizamos una revisión del estado actual de la planificación preoperatoria digital en la artroplastia de cadera, las ventajas que su realización de forma adecuada proporciona al cirujano y los recursos técnicos que son necesarios para poder realizarla de forma habitual en un servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología.Citas
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