Aloinjerto osteoarticular para reconstrucción de defecto óseo tras resección tumoral en húmero proximal: complicaciones y alternativas. Serie de casos y revisión de la literatura

  • Andrés José Sánchez Aguilera Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves de Granada
  • Francisco Fernández Serrano Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves de Granada
  • María Amparo Godoy Montijano Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves de Granada
Palabras clave: Cirugía Ortopédica, Tumores,

Resumen

ObjetivoExponer nuestra experiencia en la reconstrucción de defecto óseo masivo de húmero proximal tras resección tumoral mediante aloinjerto estructural, analizar las complicaciones asociadas a la técnica, comparándolas con otras series publicadas, y revisar otras alternativas para la reconstrucción.Materiales y métodosPresentamos una serie de cinco casos tratados mediante el mismo protocolo quirúrgico y por el mismo cirujano con diagnóstico de tumor maligno en húmero proximal o medio mediante reconstrucción con aloinjerto osteoarticular masivo. Analizamos las indicaciones y exponemos las complicaciones que aparecieron.ResultadosSe realizó la reconstrucción con aloinjerto osteoarticular a pacientes con diagnóstico de osteosarcoma (2 casos), sarcoma de Ewing, tumor de células gigantes y lesión metastásica de un cáncer de mama (1 caso). Se obtuvo, con un seguimiento medio de 3,8 años, una consolidación completa en todos los casos, en un tiempo medio de 12,6 meses. Dos pacientes tuvieron complicaciones en relación a fractura del aloinjerto o reabsorción de las tuberosidades. No hubo ningún caso de infección periimplante. Solo en un caso hubo recurrencia local de la enfermedad.Se realizó además una revisión bibliográfica sobre las complicaciones e indicaciones de las distintas técnicas de reconstrucción del húmero proximal.ConclusionesAunque con una tasa de complicaciones importante, la reconstrucción con aloinjerto osteoarticular es una opción válida especialmente en paciente activo, joven o pediátrico.

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Publicado
2019-01-17
Sección
Articulos Originales